For a low-grade brain tumor, surgery may be the only treatment needed, especially if all of the tumor can be removed. If there is visible tumor remaining after surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be used. For higher-grade tumors, treatment usually begins with surgery, followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Your exact treatment plan will be developed with your health care team.
Successfully treating brain tumors can be challenging. The body’s blood-brain barrier normally protects the brain and spinal cord from harmful chemicals. However, this barrier also keeps out many types of chemotherapy. Surgery can be difficult if the tumor is near a delicate part of the brain or spinal cord. Even when the surgeon can completely remove the original tumor, parts of the tumor may remain that are too small to be seen or removed during surgery. Radiation therapy can also damage healthy tissue.
However, research in the past 20 years has helped to significantly lengthen the lives and improved the quality of life for many people with a brain tumor. These advancements include more refined surgeries, a better understanding of which types of tumors respond to chemotherapy and other drugs, and more targeted delivery of radiation therapy.